Deductibles and Retro Plans: Know the Volatility

Q: Should a small contractor use a workers comp deductible or retro plan? A: Deductibles and retro plans trade premium for volatility, and small firms absorb shocks poorly.

Start here: Workers Comp & Employee Risk


Minnesota workers comp audits lean on class codes and payroll swings; seasonal crews can trigger back-bill surprises.

The Confusing Part

Lower premium options look attractive when cash is tight.

Deductibles and retro plans are the common lever, but they add volatility.

How It Works

These plans reduce upfront premium by shifting claim cost back to you later.

For small firms, one bad year can wipe out several years of savings.

Where It Breaks Down

It stops working when claim volatility exceeds your cash reserves or line of credit.

The Tradeoffs

  • Lower fixed premium, higher variable claim cost.
  • More control, more downside in a bad year.

What Moves the Outcome

Risk Signals

  • Claim frequency and severity
  • Safety controls and supervision

Coverage Structure

  • Deductible size and retro formulas
  • Collateral and cash flow requirements

Market Context

  • Appetite for small deductible programs
  • Repricing after adverse development

Deeper context

For market context, see Loss Cycles: Why Construction Tightens First.

How to Decide

If you can fund bad years, consider it. If not, stay with fixed cost.

Minnesota note: claim patterns and contractor timelines vary by county, so Twin Cities experience isn’t always a perfect proxy for outstate Minnesota.